Wrapping one's mind around diet nutrition can sometimes be confusing. For instance, a 120-pound fifteen-year-old girl will not need as many calories as a 220-pound twenty-five-year-old man. To further confuse matters, that 120-pound fifteen-year-old girl's 150-pound peer of the same age will need more calories.
A fifteen-year-old girl with juvenile diabetes will have an entirely different set of nutritional needs as well. Online, there are many resources and tools to help the average American figure out what his or her dietary needs are, depending on height, weight and level of physical activity.
The "2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans" are the most current recommendations for diet nutrition, at least until the 2010 edition comes out. According to the guidelines, a "healthy diet" is one that is full of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low-fat dairy products, including lean protein like poultry and fish, beans, eggs and nuts, and is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium and sugar.
Consumers are encouraged to make smart choices and eat a wide variety of foods, while staying within the caloric needs for their height and weight. Each day, Americans should be consuming calories, amino acids, essential fatty acids, minerals and vitamins. While requirements change for people depending upon their size and level of physical activity, the average person consumes around 50 grams of fat and 2,000 calories per day to remain at a stable weight.
For someone with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, the normal dietary rules may not apply. Generally, most diabetics will need to reduce the amount of fat consumed (particularly saturated fat), quit smoking and reduce alcohol consumption to no more than 3 or 4 per day. Diets should be rich in mono-unsaturated fats (like olive oil), oily fish, starchy whole grain carbohydrates (bread, pasta, potatoes, rice, cereal), and fresh fruits and vegetables.
A diabetic will need to check his or her blood sugar level before eating to see that it's 70 to 130 and then again a few hours after eating to make sure it's below 180. People with low blood sugar will need to have certain snacks handy, like fruit juice, hard candy, sugar or honey, soft drinks and milk. Small or medium sized women should eat 1,200 to 1,600 calories per day (6 starch, 3 vegetables, 2 fruits, 2 milks, 4-6 ounces protein and up to 3 fats).
Larger women or small to medium sized men should have 1,600 to 2,000 calories (8 starch, 4 vegetables, 3 fruits, 2 milks, 4-6 ounces protein and up to 4 fats). For more information, check out the Diabetes Food Pyramid at Nih.
Americans seeking counseling on their dietary habits, whether they wish to gain or lose weight, can find assistance online. Websites like Shapeup or Eatright focus on consumer education centered on diet and weight loss. The National Institute of Health offers information on the 2005 guidelines and Food Pyramid at Nutrition website.
Several nation-wide programs can help dieters find greater online support and practical resources at Fitday, Weightwatchers, Sparkpeople, Ediets, Mywebmd Nutrition, Nutricise, Changeone, Cyberdiet or Caloriescount.
How do you maximize your site?By earning some few dollars per click from displaying Adsense ads on it. Many are now realizing that good money is made from this source of revenue. Try the simple mathematical computation of multiplying those clicks for every page on your website and you get a summation of earnings equivalent to a monthly residual income with that little effort you have made.
Google Adsense is a fast and easy way for website publishers of all sizes to display relevant and text-based Google ads on their website’s content pages and earn money in the process. The ads displayed are related to what your users are looking for on your site. This is the main reason why you both can monetize and enhance your content pages using Adsense.
How much you will be earning will depend on how much the advertisers are willing to pay. It will depend also on the keywords required. If the keywords the advertiser have chosen are in high demand, you could receive more dollars per click. On the other hand, low demand keywords will earn you just a few cents per click.
How can you start making profits out of your website using Adsense?
1. Sign up for an Adsense account. It will only take a few minutes of your time.
2. When the site is accepted, you will be receiving a clip code to include in your web pages. You can insert this code on as many pages or web sites that you want. The AdWords will start appearing immediately after.
3. You will be earning a few cents or some dollars per click when someone starts clicking on the AdWords displayed on any of your web pages. Trying to earn false revenues by repetitively clicking on your own ads is a no-no. This will result in a penalty or the possibility of your site being eliminated. The money you have already earned may be lost because of this.
4. View your statistics. Adsense earnings can be checked anytime by logging into your web site account.
Once you got your account working, you may still want to pattern them to the many sites that are earning more money than you are. It is important to note that there are factors affecting how your website will perform and the amount of money it will give you.
It is a common practice that when a site earning money, the tendency is for the owner to want to make more out of what they are getting already. It usually takes some time combined with trial and error to attain what you want for your Adsense contents.
Time and some important factors that you can practice and use.
How do you increase your Adsense earnings?
1. Choose one topic per page. It is best to write a content for your page with just a few targeted phrases. The search engine will then serve ads that are more relevant which will then result in higher clickthoughs.
2. Using white space around your ad. This can make your ad stand out from the rest of your page so visitors can spot them easily. There are also other choices of colors you can use, provided by search engines, which can harmonize the color of your ad with the web page color.
3. Test your ad placement. It is recommended to use the vertical format that runs down the side of the web page to get more positive results. You can also try both horizontal and vertical formats for a certain period of time to see which one will give you better results.
4. More content-based pages. Widen the theme of your website by creating pages that focus more on your keyword phrases. This will optimize the pages for the search engines. It can not only attract traffic but also make them more relevant for the AdWords to be displayed.
5. Site Build It. This is the perfect tool to be used for creating lots of Adsense revenues. Site Build It has all the tools necessary to quickly achieve a keyword-rich site that can rank high in the search engines. This will also produce a flow of traffic to your site of highly targeted visitors. But use it at your own risk, if you get caught, your account will be banned.
In the United States, a large percentage of the population is employed. If you are one of those individuals, you likely already know how difficult it can be to make money. However, many workers aren’t just making money for the fun of it, many have to financially support themselves or a family. Unfortunately, most jobs require hard work and long hours. You may find that your current job is taking important things away from your life, mostly your time. Instead of learning to manage this unfortunate occurrence, you are advised to do something about it. You can easily find another way to make money.
When it comes to making money, there are many individuals who flock to the internet. Online you will literally find an unlimited number of business opportunities. Many of these opportunities promise you unlimited income with little or no work. While many of these business opportunities can be considered scams, there are some that are legitimate. One of those legitimate opportunities involves acquiring the private label resell rights to a particular product. After you have acquired the resell rights, it will then be reasonable to sell the product.
One of the many reasons why obtaining the resell rights and then selling a private label product is so nice is because you do not have to do most of the work. For instance, if you purchase the resell rights to an e-book or a software program, you will not have to create the e-book or software program. This is ideal because the development of these products not only takes time, but special talent or skill. Private label resell rights allow you to skip the hard work and concentrate on selling the product.
One of the most common questions asked, when it comes to private label resell rights, is why the original author or developer can’t sell their own work. The reality is that they can; however, most choose not to. For many professional writers or software designers, they make most of their money when they are creating a new product. This means that many like to focus solely on doing that. In turn, they will rely on someone else to get their products to potential customers.
Selling a product, which you have acquired the resell rights to, often sounds like a commission based program. These types of programs are available, but that is not how private label resell rights work. You will outright pay, the author, developer, or anyone else who is selling their product, for the rights to resell it. This means that any money you acquire from the sale, of an e-book or software program, you can keep.
To make money off of this opportunity, you will have to sell the product that you have. This is where the work will come in, but it is not what you may expect. Since you will be working as your own boss and you will be in control of the money that you want to make. Therefore, you can choose your own hours. Many resell right owners spend most of their time advertising or marketing their product to the general public. This marketing may take time, but you can also look for quick methods of selling. These methods may include, but are not limited to, standard websites with quick checkouts or online auction sites.
As you can easily see, there are a number of benefits to acquiring the resell rights to a private label product, such as an e-book, mass collection of articles, or a software program. Not only can you make money, but you can also decide how much or how little time you want to work. What could be better than that?
Making money with the Internet can be a very efficient way to earn money from home and there are many great opportunities for businesses and jobs, whether it's real estate investing, selling by classified ads, stock market investing, internet affiliate marketing, money making systems or something else.
Over the past few years, a variety of money making methods have been passed on through the internet and millions of people have been taking advantage of this incredible wave of knowledge which was enabled ordinary people just like you to make thousands and sometimes even millions online.
Why am I telling you this? The internet is wonderful tool which allows you to share new ideas and strategies that you and other people can exploit in order to be richer, successful and more powerful. In other words the internet lets people like me to put their knowledge to the benefit of a large audience.
Which gives you the opportunity to learn how to make large sums of money online, so don't let the opportunity slip you by because money making systems like the one I am about to explain may not work forever so seize the opportunity before it's too late!
How to Dry Hair with Towel?
Here's a secret that not many people know: rubbing your hair with a towel after a shower is a bad, bad idea. As you may already know, rubbing causes friction. Friction causes heat, because two surfaces are unduly opposing each other vertically. Add all these up, and you get frayed, damaged hair.
A quick and easy solution out of this particular conundrum is to pat instead of rub. Patting does the job, though it might appear that you're taking longer than is warranted. Nevertheless, if you actually compare the time needed to pat hair dry and rub hair dry, the two aren't far apart. Develop your own style of patting and your own rhythm: do it for your hair's sake.
Blow-Drying is Evil
Human hair was designed to shield your head from the sun, and to keep warmth in when it's necessary to do so. The human scalp was designed to sweat and produce oil to create equilibrium between the hair and scalp and the outer environment.
The scalp and hair however, were not designed to withstand a consistent stream of hot air more than 40 degrees Celsius. We are talking of course of the humble yet violent blow dryer. The blow dryer may have been useful to Hollywood stars, theater actors and hair stylists for the past few decades, but the fact remains that it damages the hair.
Consistent with this fact is the general appearance of actors' hairs when they are simply seen in public. If you need proof, look at Pamela Anderson's candid shots in public. If you look closely, most of her hair is already frayed. The whole head of hair lacks volume, and seems to be dried-out beyond repair; which is probably true.
How to Style Hair Safely?
As a rule of thumb, never apply hair gels and similar styling agents when your hair is completely dry. The reason for this rule is that the hair will lose its natural chemistry if there's no moisture to balance and buffer the chemicals in the styling agents. That's why hair stylists often shampoo their clients first before using chemicals: it preserves the pH level and helps reduce the over-all damage to the hair.
Tips on Safely Blow-Drying Hair
If you require blow-drying on a daily basis because of the nature of your occupation (or preoccupation), you can still use it but you have to change a few things.
Most folks prefer to blow-dry until their hair is crisp (like when they woke up that morning). This is a very bad practice. Instead of waiting for your hair to dry to this degree, stop when your hair is already just pleasantly damp. Simply allow your hair to dry naturally.
As all women who have oily skin know, you need to be careful to choose the best makeup for oily skin to ensure you don't get any sort of acne breakouts.
There are a many cosmetic lines out there, but most of them are not designed for women with oily skin. If you have greasy skin, you are far more likely to suffer from blemish breakouts - something you definitely avoid.
Now the thing to realize here is that blemishes are caused by too much oil in the skin. Oil produced inside the hair follicles, called sebum, normally moves along the hair to the outside of the skin pore. But sometimes, the movement of sebum oil is blogged by other dried sebum, dirt, etc. The blockage causes the sebum to mix with dead skin cells, bacteria, and dirt. The result is a blackhead.
Quite often, that blackhead will turn into a pimple because the area around the blackhead is more prone to infection, probably due to higher levels of bacteria present there. This infection of the P. acnes bacteria causes pimple outbreaks.
So, as you see, it's important that you try to reduce the level of oil in your skin. Wearing a makeup not friendly to oily skin will trap all the oil underneath and cause breakouts. Make up for oil-prone skin should NEVER be oil-based. Oil-based makeup will clog up your pores and lead to the development of blackheads - if you have a lot of natural oil in your skin. You should also seek out natural makeup for oily skin that contains only natural ingredients. This ensures that you don't have any sort of harsh chemicals irritating your skin and causing acne breakouts.
Consider getting a special makeup for acne prone skin to ensure you don't have those nasty pimple breakouts occurring.
The game of cricket has a known history spanning from the 16th century to the present day, with international matches played since 1844, although the official history of international Test cricket began in 1877. During this time, the game developed from its origins in England into a game which is now played professionally in most of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Origin
No one knows when or where cricket began but there is a body of evidence, much of it circumstantial, that strongly suggests the game was devised during Saxon or Norman times by children living in the Weald, an area of dense woodlands and clearings in south-east England that lies across Kent and Sussex. In medieval times, the Weald was populated by small farming and metal-working communities. It is generally believed that cricket survived as a children's game for many centuries before it was increasingly taken up by adults around the beginning of the 17th century [1].
It is quite likely that cricket was devised by children and survived for many generations as essentially a children’s game. Adult participation is unknown before the early 17th century. Possibly cricket was derived from bowls, assuming bowls is the older sport, by the intervention of a batsman trying to stop the ball from reaching its target by hitting it away. Playing on sheep-grazed land or in clearings, the original implements may have been a matted lump of sheep’s wool (or even a stone or a small lump of wood) as the ball; a stick or a crook or another farm tool as the bat; and a stool or a tree stump or a gate (e.g., a wicket gate) as the wicket [2].
Derivation of the name of "cricket"
A number of words are thought to be possible sources for the term "cricket". In the earliest known reference to the sport in 1598 (see below), it is called creckett. The name may have been derived from the Middle Dutch krick(-e), meaning a stick; or the Old English cricc or cryce meaning a crutch or staff [2]. Another possible source is the Middle Dutch word krickstoel, meaning a long low stool used for kneeling in church and which resembled the long low wicket with two stumps used in early cricket.
According to Heiner Gillmeister, a European language expert of Bonn University, "cricket" derives from the Middle Dutch met de (krik ket)sen (i.e., "with the stick chase"), which also suggests a Dutch connection in the game's origin. It is more likely that the terminology of cricket was based on words in use in south east England at the time and, given trade connections with the County of Flanders, especially in the 15th century when it belonged to the Duchy of Burgundy, many Middle Dutch[3] words found their way into southern English dialects [4].
First definite reference
John Derrick played creckett at The Royal Grammar School in Guildford
Despite many prior suggested references, the first definite reference to the game is found in a 1598 court case concerning dispute over a school's ownership of a plot of land. A 59-year old coroner, John Derrick, testified that he and his school friends had played creckett on the site fifty years earlier. The school was the Royal Grammar School, Guildford, and Mr Derrick's account proves beyond reasonable doubt that the game was being played in Surrey c.1550 [5].
The first reference to it being played as an adult sport was in 1611, when two men in Sussex were prosecuted for playing cricket on Sunday instead of going to church [6]. In the same year, a dictionary defines cricket as a boys' game and this suggests that adult participation was a recent development [5].
Early seventeenth century
A number of references occur up to the English Civil War and these indicate that cricket had become an adult game contested by parish teams, but there is no evidence of county strength teams at this time. Equally, there is little evidence of the rampant gambling that characterised the game throughout the 18th century. It is generally believed, therefore, that village cricket had developed by the middle of the 17th century but that county cricket had not and that investment in the game had not begun [1].
The Commonwealth
After the Civil War ended in 1648, the new Puritan government clamped down on "unlawful assemblies", in particular the more raucous sports such as football. Their laws also demanded a stricter observance of the Sabbath than there had been previously. As the Sabbath was the only free time available to the lower classes, cricket's popularity may have waned during the Commonwealth. Having said that, it did flourish in public fee-paying schools such as Winchester and St Paul's. There is no actual evidence that Oliver Cromwell's regime banned cricket specifically and there are references to it during the interregnum that suggest it was acceptable to the authorities providing it did not cause any "breach of the Sabbath" [1].
Gambling and press coverage
Cricket certainly thrived after the Restoration in 1660 and is believed to have first attracted gamblers making large bets at this time. In 1664, the "Cavalier" Parliament passed the Gaming Act 1664 which limited stakes to £100, although that was still a fortune at the time [1]. Cricket had certainly become a significant gambling sport by the end of the 17th century. There is a newspaper report of a "great match" played in Sussex in 1697 which was 11-a-side and played for high stakes of 50 guineas a side [6].
With freedom of the press having been granted in 1696, cricket for the first time could be reported in the newspapers . But it was a long time before the newspaper industry adapted sufficiently to provide frequent, let alone comprehensive, coverage of the game. During the first half of the 18th century, press reports tended to focus on the betting rather than on the play [1].
Eighteenth century cricket
See also: 1697 to 1725 English cricket seasons and Overview of English cricket 1726 - 1815
Patronage and players
Gambling introduced the first patrons because some of the gamblers decided to strengthen their bets by forming their own teams and it is believed the first "county teams" were formed in the aftermath of the Restoration in 1660. The first known game in which the teams use county names is in 1709 but there can be little doubt that these sort of fixtures were being arranged long before that. The match in 1697 was probably Sussex versus another county [1].
The most notable of the early patrons were a group of aristocrats and businessmen who were active from about 1725, which is the time that press coverage became more regular, perhaps as a result of the patrons' influence. These men included Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, Sir William Gage, 7th Baronet, Alan Brodrick and Edward Stead. For the first time, the press mentions individual players like Thomas Waymark [5].
Cricket moves out of England
Cricket was introduced to North America via the English colonies in the 17th century [4], probably before it had even reached the north of England. In the 18th century it arrived in other parts of the globe. It was introduced to the West Indies by colonists [4] and to India by British East India Company mariners in the first half of the century [5]. It arrived in Australia almost as soon as colonization began in 1788 [5]. New Zealand and South Africa followed in the early years of the 19th century [5].
Development of the Laws
See also: Laws of Cricket
The basic rules of cricket such as bat and ball, the wicket, pitch dimensions, overs, how out, etc. have existed since time immemorial. In 1728, the Duke of Richmond and Alan Brodick drew up "Articles of Agreement" to determine the code of practice in a particular game and this became a common feature, especially around payment of stake money and distributing the winnings given the importance of gambling [6].
In 1744, the Laws of Cricket were codified for the first time and then amended in 1774, when innovations such as lbw, middle stump and maximum bat width were added. These laws stated that the principals shall choose from amongst the gentlemen present two umpires who shall absolutely decide all disputes. The codes were drawn up by the so-called "Star and Garter Club" whose members ultimately founded MCC at Lord's in 1787. MCC immediately became the custodian of the Laws and has made periodic revisions and recodifications subsequently [7].
Continued growth in England
The game continued to spread throughout England and, in 1751, Yorkshire is first mentioned as a venue [8]. The original form of bowling (i.e., rolling the ball along the ground as in bowls) was superseded sometime after 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball and study variations in line, length and pace [1]. Scorecards began to be kept on a regular basis from 1772 and since then an increasingly clear picture has emerged of the sport's development [9].
An artwork depicting the history of the cricket bat. (Click on the image for larger view)
The first famous clubs were London and Dartford in the early 18th century. London played its matches on the famous Artillery Ground, which still exists. Others followed, particularly Slindon in Sussex which was backed by the Duke of Richmond and featured the star player Richard Newland. There were other prominent clubs at Maidenhead, Hornchurch, Maidstone, Sevenoaks, Bromley, Addington, Hadlow and Chertsey.
But far and away the most famous of the early clubs was Hambledon in Hampshire. It started as a parish organisation that first achieved prominence in 1756. The club itself was founded in the 1760s and was well patronised to the extent that it was the focal point of the game for about thirty years until the formation of MCC and the opening of Lord's Cricket Ground in 1787. Hambledon produced several outstanding players including the master batsman John Small and the first great fast bowler Thomas Brett. Their most notable opponent was the Chertsey and Surrey bowler Edward "Lumpy" Stevens, who is believed to have been the main proponent of the flighted delivery.
It was in answer to the flighted, or pitched, delivery that the straight bat was introduced. The old "hockey stick" style of bat was only really effective against the ball being trundled or skimmed along the ground.
Cricket and crisis
Cricket faced its first real crisis during the 18th century when major matches virtually ceased during the Seven Years War. This was largely due to shortage of players and lack of investment. But the game survived and the "Hambledon Era" proper began in the mid-1760s.
Cricket faced another major crisis at the beginning of the 19th century when a cessation of major matches occurred during the culminating period of the Napoleonic Wars. Again, the causes were shortage of players and lack of investment. But, as in the 1760s, the game survived and a slow recovery began in 1815.
MCC was itself the centre of controversy in the Regency period, largely on account of the enmity between Lord Frederick Beauclerk and George Osbaldeston. In 1817, their intrigues and jealousies exploded into a match-fixing scandal with the top player William Lambert being banned from playing at Lord's Cricket Ground for life. Gambling scandals in cricket have been going on since the 17th century.
In the 1820s, cricket faced a major crisis of its own making as the campaign to allow roundarm bowling gathered pace.
Nineteenth century cricket
Main article: Overview of English cricket from 1816 to 1863
A cricket match at Darnall, Sheffield in the 1820s.
The game also underwent a fundamental change of organisation with the formation for the first time of county clubs. All the modern county clubs, starting with Sussex, were founded during the 19th century.
No sooner had the first county clubs established themselves than they faced what amounted to "player action" as William Clarke created the travelling All-England Eleven in 1846. Though a commercial venture, this team did much to popularise the game in districts which had never previously been visited by high-class cricketers. Other similar teams were created and this vogue lasted for about thirty years. But the counties and MCC prevailed.
The growth of cricket in the mid and late 19th century was assisted by the development of the railway network. For the first time, teams from a long distance apart could play one other without a prohibitively time-consuming journey. Spectators could travel longer distances to matches, increasing the size of crowds.
In 1864, another bowling revolution resulted in the legalisation of overarm and in the same year Wisden Cricketers' Almanack was first published. The "Great Cricketer", W G Grace, made his first-class debut in 1865. His feats did much to increase the game's popularity.
International cricket begins
The first Australian touring team (1878) pictured at Niagara Falls
The first ever international cricket game was between the USA and Canada in 1844. The match was played at the grounds of the St George's Cricket Club in New York.[10]
In 1859, a team of leading English professionals set off to North America on the first-ever overseas tour and, in 1862, the first English team toured Australia.
Between May and October 1868, a team of Australian Aborigines toured England in what was the first Australian cricket team to travel overseas.
In 1877, an England touring team in Australia played two matches against full Australian XIs that are now regarded as the inaugural Test matches. The following year, the Australians toured England for the first time and were a spectacular success. No Tests were played on that tour but more soon followed and, at The Oval in 1882, arguably the most famous match of all time gave rise to The Ashes. South Africa became the third Test nation in 1889.
National Championships
A major watershed occurred in 1890 when the official County Championship was constituted in England. This organisational initiative has been repeated in other countries. Australia established the Sheffield Shield in 1892-93. Other national competitions to be established were the Currie Cup in South Africa, the Plunkett Shield in New Zealand and the Ranji Trophy in India.
The period from 1890 to the outbreak of the First World War has become an object of nostalgia, ostensibly because the teams played cricket according to "the spirit of the game", but more realistically because it was a peacetime period that was shattered by the First World War. The era has been called The Golden Age of cricket and it featured numerous great names such as Grace, Wilfred Rhodes, C B Fry, K S Ranjitsinhji and Victor Trumper.
Balls per over
In 1889 the immemorial four ball over was replaced by a five ball over and then this was changed to the current six balls an over in 1900. Subsequently, some countries experimented with eight balls an over. In 1922, the number of balls per over was changed from six to eight in Australia only. In 1924 the eight ball over was extended to New Zealand and in 1937 to South Africa. In England, the eight ball over was adopted experimentally for the 1939 season; the intention was to continue the experiment in 1940, but first-class cricket was suspended for the Second World War and when it resumed, English cricket reverted to the six ball over. The 1947 Laws of Cricket allowed six or eight balls depending on the conditions of play. Since the 1979/80 Australian and New Zealand seasons, the six ball over has been used worldwide and the most recent version of the Laws in 2000 only permits six ball overs.
Twentieth century cricket
Growth of Test cricket
When the Imperial Cricket Conference (as it was originally called) was founded in 1909, only England, Australia and South Africa were members. India, West Indies and New Zealand became Test nations before the Second World War and Pakistan soon afterwards. The international game grew with several "affiliate nations" getting involved and, in the closing years of the 20th century, three of those became Test nations also: Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe and Bangladesh.
Test cricket remained the sport's highest level of standard throughout the 20th century but it had its problems, notably in the infamous "Bodyline Series" of 1932-33 when Douglas Jardine's England used so-called "leg theory" to try and neutralise the run-scoring brilliance of Australia's Don Bradman.
Suspension of South Africa (1970-1991)
See also: International cricket in South Africa from 1971 to 1981
The greatest crisis to hit international cricket was brought about by apartheid, the South African policy of racial segregation. The situation began to crystallise after 1961 when South Africa left the Commonwealth of Nations and so, under the rules of the day, its cricket board had to leave the International Cricket Conference (ICC). Cricket's opposition to apartheid intensified in 1968 with the cancellation of England's tour to South Africa by the South African authorities, due to the inclusion of "coloured" cricketer Basil D'Oliveira in the England team. In 1970, the ICC members voted to suspend South Africa indefinitely from international cricket competition. Ironically, the South African team at that time was probably the strongest in the world.
Starved of top-level competition for its best players, the South African Cricket Board began funding so-called "rebel tours", offering large sums of money for international players to form teams and tour South Africa. The ICC's response was to blacklist any rebel players who agreed to tour South Africa, banning them from officially sanctioned international cricket. As players were poorly remunerated during the 1970s, several accepted the offer to tour South Africa, particularly players getting towards the end of their careers for whom a blacklisting would have little effect.
The rebel tours continued into the 1980s but then progress was made in South African politics and it became clear that apartheid was ending. South Africa, now a "Rainbow Nation" under Nelson Mandela, was welcomed back into international sport in 1991.
World Series Cricket
See also: World Series Cricket
The money problems of top cricketers were also the root cause of another cricketing crisis that arose in 1977 when the Australian media magnate Kerry Packer fell out with the Australian Cricket Board over TV rights. Taking advantage of the low remuneration paid to players, Packer retaliated by signing several of the best players in the world to a privately run cricket league outside the structure of international cricket. World Series Cricket hired some of the banned South African players and allowed them to show off their skills in an international arena against other world-class players. The schism lasted only until 1979 and the "rebel" players were allowed back into established international cricket, though many found that their national teams had moved on without them. Long-term results of World Series Cricket have included the introduction of significantly higher player salaries and innovations such as coloured kit and night games.
Limited overs cricket
In the 1960s, English county teams began playing a version of cricket with games of only one innings each and a maximum number of overs per innings. Starting in 1963 as a knockout competition only, limited overs grew in popularity and in 1969 a national league was created which consequently caused a reduction in the number of matches in the County Championship.
Although many "traditional" cricket fans objected to the shorter form of the game, limited overs cricket did have the advantage of delivering a result to spectators within a single day; it did improve cricket's appeal to younger or busier people; and it did prove commercially successful.
The first limited overs international match took place at Melbourne Cricket Ground in 1971 as a time-filler after a Test match had been abandoned because of heavy rain on the opening days. It was tried simply as an experiment and to give the players some exercise, but turned out to be immensely popular. Limited overs internationals (LOIs or ODIs, after One-day Internationals) have since grown to become a massively popular form of the game, especially for busy people who want to be able to see a whole match. The International Cricket Council reacted to this development by organising the first Cricket World Cup in England in 1975, with all the Test playing nations taking part.
Limited overs cricket increased television ratings for cricket coverage. Televised coverage beginning with ODIs and quickly adopted for test coverage introduced in-depth statistics, graphical analysis, cameras in the stumps, shots from many angles, high speed photography and various technologies to enable television viewers to judge caught behind decisions, runouts, and lbw with far better information than the umpires.
In 1992, the use of Third Umpires adjudicating runouts with television replays was introduced in the test series between South Africa and India. The first player to be called out by television replay was Sachin Tendulkar. The use of third umpires has expanded steadily to other types of disputed umpiring calls since then.
21st century cricket
Cricket remains a major world sport in terms of participants, spectators and media interest.
The ICC has expanded its Development Program with the goal of producing more national teams capable of competing at Test level. Development efforts are focused on African and Asian nations; and on the United States. In 2004, the ICC Intercontinental Cup brought first-class cricket to 12 nations, mostly for the first time.
In June 2001, the ICC introduced a "Test Championship Table" and, in October 2002 a "One-day International Championship Table". Australia has consistently topped both these tables in the 2000s.
Cricket's newest innovation is Twenty20, essentially an evening entertainment. It has so far enjoyed enormous popularity and has attracted large attendances at matches as well as good TV audience ratings. The inaugural ICC Twenty20 World Cup tournament was held in 2007. The formation of Twenty20 leagues in India - the unofficial Indian Cricket League, which started in 2007, and the official Indian Premier League, starting in 2008 - raised much speculation in the cricketing press about their effect on the future of cricket
There are so many different types of coughs. Each type of cough is distinct and could help indicate what illness you have. Here we look at the major types of cough symptoms and some possible causes.
Is it a dry cough?
* It could be allergies.
* It may be a cold.
* Possibly the flu.
* It could be the beginning of bronchitis.
Is it a wet, productive cough?
* It could be pneumonia.
* Possibly bronchitis.
* It may be the flu.
Is it a wet, non-productive cough?
* Possibly bronchitis.
* It may be the flu.
* It could be a cold.
Is it a painful cough?
* It could be pneumonia.
* May be bronchitis.
Is the cough in a child and sounds like a seal bark?
* It may be croup.
SWiSH Max 2008 - Portable
SWiSH Max2 is a powerful Flash authoring application. Flash is a multimedia format for playing animation, video and audio on the web, mobile devices and more. SWiSH Max2 enables you to create Flash movies in a simple timeline based authoring environment, dragging and dropping video, audio, effects, images and more to create stunning multimedia movies.
Creates Stunning Flash Animations and Websites with Ease
Includes 250 Preset Effects and Many Ready-to-use Components
Import Images, Graphics, Sound and Video from all popular formats
Export Presentations to Flash, Video, GIF Animation or Image Sequence
No Coding Required for Beginners, Powerful Scripting Language for Advanced Users
Tools to Control Motion, Draw Shapes, Edit Text, and more
Use Over 100 Designer Templates to create Professional Websites Instantly
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The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian (PS2)
The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian follows the story of the second book in
C.S. Lewis’ epic children’s tales, plus tosses in an extra sequence unique to
the game in an effort to bridge the 1,300 year gap in Narnia history.
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The Lost Crown: A Ghosthunting Adventure (PC)The main character game - Nigel Denvers, whose primary occupation is hunting for a variety of treasures. Players in the company will have to go to Nigel eerie deserted town on the coast of England, where you have to use a variety of methods and devices for the study of paranormal activity and finding treasures. In the course of the game you will have to solve a lot of fun puzzles and try to get out of town alive.
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Password: www.webpunkt.ru
